Which disorder is defined by oppositional, angry, vindictive behavior and defiance of authority?

• A. CD
• B. ODD
• C. DMDD
• D. IED

Answer: (B)

Oppositional Defiant Disorder is defined by a persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, argumentative or defiant behavior, and vindictiveness toward authority figures. To meet criteria, this pattern lasts at least six months and includes at least four symptoms across these domains, causing impairment in home, school, or social functioning. The emphasis on defiance toward adults and authority is the key feature.

This differs from Conduct Disorder, which involves more serious violations of others’ rights (such as aggression toward people or animals, property destruction, or theft). It also differs from Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, which centers on chronic irritability and severe temper outbursts rather than a pervasive defiant stance toward authority. Intermittent Explosive Disorder features episodes of aggressive outbursts that are impulsive and disproportionate, not a consistent pattern of oppositional behavior toward authority.